What is framing:
Shot sizes:
What framing means in cinematography is the visual presentation and visual elements in the images. When you frame a image especially in cinematography it can make it a lot more aesthetically pleasing not for only you but the viewers who are watching it happen at their own, by doing this you're also keeping the viewers focused on the framed object.
composition:
What is aesthetics? What aesthetics means in cinematography is defined as a metaphysical and creative skill and source of determination and was in many people's thoughts about fascination and methodical thinkers.
The rule of third- What the rule of thirds is it can describe the basic compositional structure of a photography. Once you've taken your images, you can then go and split this into 9 segments and you can use 3 horizontal and vertical lines. This rule likes to indicate that you need t place key elements in more than one scene into your photo.
What are the two different types of focus? The two different types of focus which all photographers should use are manual focusing in which any photographer just focuses their mind/ camera on their test subject and turn on their focusing ring, and the second type of focus every photographer should know is auto focus. The auto focus just focuses on everyone and the camera does all the work for them.
What is the correct terminology for the movement focus? The correct terminology for the movement focus is linguistics
How would you achieve different depths of fields? The wider the aperture the shawoller the depth of field will be and the smaller the aperture is the deeper the depth of field will become.
why do we use focus:
The reason why we use focus in photography is because it can make the subject you're taking look a lot more sharper and it can also blend you into what is actually happening into surroundings, if you get the right focus then you can get a really good connection with your viewers and make them emotional. There is also three types of focuses which photographers focus on and they are deep focus, shallow focus and focus racking.
deep focus- deep focus is a photographic and cinematography term basically meaning you're using a large depth of field. This can also focus on a image and prove how much sharp and clear it comes out. In deep focus, the fore ground, middle ground and back ground is all in focus.
shallow focus- shallow focus is a photographic and cinematographic term which incorporates a small depth of field. When you use shallow focus when you film one plane of the scene it is in full focus while the other parts of the scene isn't in full focus. This shallow focus is mainly focused on one part of the image being clear than any of the other parts
focus racking- What focus racking is it's a film technique of changing the focus of the lens during a continue shot in people's films. When the shot you're filming "racks"it moves the focus plane from one object to the frame to another frame which you're shooting. This technique can also include small or large changes of focus.
In cinematography there's loads of shots that as a photography and media student you must know.
The establishing shot- this shot is used for establishing the relationship between the context of the scene as you can see between figures and objects.
the close up- what the close up shot is where you get so close to someones face when you zoom in on people's faces.
The medium shot- what the medium shot is, is where you shoot a camera angle shot from a medium distance.
The long shot- what the long shot is where you shoot different scenes from a long distance, that way you can get everything in that shot and you're also emphasising the place and location in the shot
The low angle shot- what the low angle shot is a shot where the camera is positioned low on the vertical axis and and it can be anywhere from below the eye line, this shot can also make the characters look strong and powerful.
The high angle shot- what the high angle shot is where the camera looks down on the person who you're shooting on from a high angle, this also makes the point of focus get swallowed up. What this shot can do to the person who you're filming is it can make them feel vulnerable and powerful.
The arc shot- What the arc shot is it is basically a cameras move around the subject that you're filming, people will also like to refer to this shot as a tracking shot.
The crane shot- A crane shot is where you're filming/ taking pictures of something on a crane or a jib .
The hand- held/ steadicam shot- A steadicam shot is a camera where you're using a stabilizing system to make sure you're capturing tracking shots with motion picture cameras. This shot can also isolate the camera's operator' movement and that can make the shot look captured and controlled that way it is also not having a big issue of you checking to see if the picture you've taken is without any wobbles. A hand-held shot is where you're filming something by using your hand as opposed as using a tripod.
In this example I have added the difference in quantity between the two differences of light. In the first picture you can see that the quantity of light is low and in the second image you can see that the quantity of the light in which was used is quite high.
Quantity of light in photos:
colour:
What's the color of light: People like to use colors because it sometimes associates with their work. Different colors can be the difference between passion, anger or evil. People often associate dark colors such as red and black with passion, anger or eve their character(s) being evil, people often associate lighter colors such as white with a person who is being pure innocent and purity, some historical films also like to/ might use the colors brown or yellow as they believe it associates a color palette.
The setting used to cause the change of light on camera: The setting we us on the camera so we can change the light is called white balance, when using the white balance it corrects the color under all the different light sources just like a human eye.
What this wheel could potentially represent is different emotions in different films. Any dark colors could represent people's passion, anger and it also represents evil, all the brighter colors are going to represent.
How color can change the scene mood: How the color can change the mood of the scene is when the director who is using the camera changes the white balance to a different color, for example: if the director changes the white balance to say white then the mood will be bright because the color white (in films) represents a nice, calm and positive mood, whereas if the director uses black then the mood can change very dramatically because the color black ultimately represents a dark and depressing mood. Every filmmaker says that when you change the color of the scene you're changing the outcome the tone of the scene.
Line of action:
The line of action is where both characters will have to look at the camera on a straight line on a scene to ensure that the characters eyeliner will have to stay on one line of the camera focus.
In the first three examples you can see that the line of action is all wrong because the two people are not looking at the camera at a 180 angle. Whereas in the fourth example you can perfectly see that both their line of visions are in line on the 180 degree angle.
What happens when you break the line of action: If the camera moves across the line of action between cuts the characters eyeliner will no longer match.
Quality of lights in photos:
Direction:
Direction of light in cinematography/ photography: When you use lighting in photography you tend to use lighting for the person who you're photographing from the side, front or behind, when you do use the lighting for your photography it can create a bit of tremendous shape and texture within your photograph.The direction of light can definitely control the width of the shadows. When doing cinematography and you use lighting the lighting will then come from the angle which then can determine the shapes, the subjects and within the frame. If you're planning on using a side light then you're allowing more depth in your shot and you're also allowing more depth and texture to the person who you're filming face. If you get the right angle then you can get a subtle side of your character. A frontal light can make the face of the person look flat or to some people uninteresting.
In this example I'm about to show you, it will show you six types of direction of light which photographers/ cinematographers use in their work.
Three point lighting: 1.) Key Light- When doing either photography, cinematography or even being a lighting camera man people will always say that when you use key light it is and will always be the most important light someone can use. The main purpose as to why we use key light is so we can highlight the form and dimension of the subject.
2.) Fill Light- When you're in either film, stage or even in photographic lighting when you use a fill light it is used often to reduce the scene to match the dynamic range of recording media and you're recording the same amount of detail which is typically seen by the eye in average lighting and people consider it as normal.
3.) Back Light- When you use a backlight it likes to hit the actors or object who you're using from behind When also using a backlight it is placed higher than the object it is lighting.
The purpose of each light is the key light which is being shot on this character is the most important light someone can use. The way they're using the fill light is they're filming at a dramatic range and they're allowing their viewers to see it as normal because it is considered normal. The way they're using the back light is they're using it from behind behind and it is placed higher then the object in which it is lighting.
How the lighting enhances the mood of a scene is it changes from having a key light to then in the middle of the scene it changed to them using a fill light and at the end of the scene they used a back light because the character in which they are using is from behind and they've placed the light behind him.
The over the shoulder shot- this shot is where you place the camera over the back end of your shoulder and the head of the subject you're filming. People like to use this shot because it is commonly used to present the conversational back and forth between two characters.
The two shot- what the two shot is where you shoot a shot in which the frame is encompasses with two different people. You don't have to have the people who you're shooting next to each other there are also many two shots which could have one subject in the background of the shot and the second person in the foreground of the shot.
The panning shot- what the panning shot is, is where you use a tripod and that tripod which you're using is based in just that one spot. Panning is also used for characters to be following all the action, this shot can also be used to establish every location and we can also use this shot to reveal information about a place as we slowly take it in.
The tilting shot- The tilting shot is basically where the camera stays in a fixed position but rotates up and down in the form of a vertical plane. When you tilt the camera it then results to someone raising their hand or even lowering their hand so they can look up and down. A tilting point of view shot can express either attention or head movement.
Tracking shot- What a tracking shot is, is where the camera follows backwards, forwards and it can also be alongside the subject you're recording. In cinematography, people often use this term 'tracking shot' as the camera being mounted on a camera dolly who of which the person who is filming can place that on rails.
Whip pan- What a whip pan is in cinematography is where the camera quickly pans so that the shot they're recording for their scene goes all blurry, it also blurs into intricate little streaks. People also use this shot as a transition and then it can indicate the time or even a frantic piece of action into that shot.
Lighting:
Property of lights: the seven basic property of lights that every photographer should use are
1.) Reflection of light
2.) Refraction of light
3.) Diffraction of light
4.) Interference of light
5.) polarisation of light
6.) Dispersion of light
7.) Scattering of light
What is the quantity of light:
What is the quantity of light in each shot: The number of quantity is the amount of light particles which are known as photos you're allowing in your photo, It is also capable of producing photo-synthesis. The quantity of light can be measured in one of two ways and they are the instantaneous amount of light which is known as light intensity. And the second quantity of light is the cumulative amount of light delivered each day (daily light integral).
What is the quantity of light in each shot: In the first shot the quantity of light is light intensity because of the amount of light which I feel is cumulative whereas in the second photo it is more of instantaneous light because its bringing the right amount of light which everyone knows it as light intensity.
What is the quality of light: What a quality of light is, is where it covers the intensity, quality, shape, color and direction of the quality of light you're allowing through the lens of the photo you've taken. A light's quality can also describe the softness of its shadow and how the light can behave. When using light it can come down to one of two tings and those two things are hard light and soft light.
How the different lighting changes the perspective of this photo is in the first pic the lighting the photographer used was hard lighting and in the second photo in which the photographer used was soft light.
Soft lighting: The genres that soft lighting might be appropriate for is cast shadow less light
Fill lighting. Soft lighting can reproduce shadows without creating any additional shadows.
They can make a character more beautiful or more youthful by making their wrinkles less visible
You can also supplement the particles from the photo which will then create a technique which is used to perform which is known as "motivated" lighting which is known for all the light to come in between one scene at a time.
