What I am going to talk about today is what editors do and I am also going to talk about three editors that changed editing all together. The three editors that I'm going to talk about is DW Griffith, Sergei Eisenstein, the Lumiere brothers and Edwin S Porter.
The invention of editing transformed everything. If you're editing it can slow down time or it can speed time up. The time of a cut can startle the audience or it can amuse them.
In the movie Jaws, there is a two frame difference. The first frame was between something bad happening and in the second frame something was happening with a big white turd.
Classical film editing relied on the cost on the invisible cut in which action will always be the continous of fluid and moving. The goal was to mask the cut so the audience wouldn't notice, plus they can also forget that they're making a movie.
The third meaning is an effect and emotion which is much greater than the first parts. This also the basis of all editing button.
In the film 'the terminator' the directors took out one frame every second and in the entire film it'll be shorten the film by a couple of minutes.
You would love to see the person/ viewer motionally invested.
In the film 'the battleship patemkin' what made that film so great was the juxtaposition of the image. What the Russian's have done is the griffith has done and used classical editing.
In the film the terminator they have a slow, tense build up of the two characters. It then then has this lethargic build up as the film progresses.
THe Lumiere brothers:
Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumiere and Louis Jean Lumiere were the first manufactures of every photography equipment. Everyone knows these two for their cinemaotpraphy motion picture and they are aslo known for their short films. The two brothers produced between a 10 year period which started in 1895 abd then ended in 1905.
Modern film techniques:
There's thirteen modern film techniques that everyone will use when their doing their films. Them thirteen techniques which we use are standard cut, and standard cut is when the basic at which we put two clips together, and that is connecting the last frame of the next.
The second modern film technique is jump cut, jump cut is where it pushes forward in time, they usually do it in the same frame or same composition.
The third modern film technique we use while filming is manage editing, and what manage editing is it's a film technique in which a series of short shots are sequenced to condense the time, space and information in which we get while we're filming.
The fourth modern film technique is a cross dissolve. What it means by a cross dissolve is where it signifies a passage of time or it can the overlapping of the "layers" or it dissolves to showcase multiple stories, or the scenes which are happening once but they're shot at different times.
The fifth technique I'm going to explain is about wipe, editors use wipe as a transition and the reasons why they use it as a transition is because it's the same ambition.
The sixth technique is a fade in/out, this technique enables you to fade out of one clip and then you can fade in into another clip.
The seventh editing technique is the L and J cut, in every documentary you're going to watch they like to use the L and J cut.
The eighth editing is cutting and action, we have to change or at least see a change in the angle.
The ninth editing technique is cutaway shots, the cutaway shots take viewers away from either the main characters or actions.
The tenth editing technique is cross cut (parallel editing), what you're most likely to see in this technique is you're going to cut between two different scenes.
The eleventh technique is a match cut, this gives you a context or continuity to the scene and pushes it in a certain direction.
The twelfth editing technique is smash cut, you're going to use this technique when you're in transition for your film.
The thirteenth technique is called the invisible cut, the aim of using a invisible cut is to keep the shot as a continous take throughout the film.
DW griffith:
DW Griffith was the first great filmmaker to understand the psychological importance of film editing working a decade after the great Edwin Porter, he learnt more than anybody because of his will to learn. He wanted to advance to the story telling tools that Edwin Porter had developed. Griffith had invented and popularised techniques that had been established the basic grammar of film. His melodramas were pretty much the first to draw audiences into the emotional world of his characters. Griffith editing style is still getting used in people's films and still getting practiced to this day, his infamous editing style was the dominant editing style in every hollywood movies for decades. The cut in the film 'matrix' is so smoothly cut that you can barely notice it when you watch the film.
A major hollywood production shoots over 200 hours worth of films. A editor may even work for months or even years. Crafting every piece of film which they have shot and going to place it in a 2 hour movie.
Editors wanted to their audience to see their full bodies in their films because they feel like if they didn't then they're concerned because they don't know what to respond too. The editors use anything to make their audience focused on a certain part of a play.
The first cutters were known as 'hands for hire' rather than creative partners. They check their work by using projectors.
Editing techniques the Soviet Union's union is now what they use in a hollywood blockbusters.
In the film 'nosferatu' they used and editing feature which is known as cutting suspense.
Edwin s porter:
Edwin S Porter is a American pioneer who is famous for being a producer, director, studio manager and also being a very good cinematographer, with the famous Edison manufacturing and also the famous players film company. People will also remember Edwin S Porter for his dramatic editing which he liked to use when he made his films. He pieces together scenes which were shot at different times and different places. Edwin S Porter entered the motion in 1895 and worked for a period of 30 years up until 1925.